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¹Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Beyin ve Sinir Cerrahisi Kliniği, Bursa, Türkiye Encephalocele is the herniation of CSF, meninges, or brain tissue from the calvarial component as a result of a midline fusion defect of the skull bone. The condition is called meningocele if there is CSF and meningeal herniation, and encephalocele if there is herniation of the meninges and brain tissue. It is frequently located in the midline and occipital region. It is seen with other malformations and chromosomal anomalies. Although encephalocele is a post neurulation defect, folic acid use has been reported to greatly reduce the incidence. The presence of parenchymal tissue in the sac, and the development of hydrocephalus or seizures are the most important prognostic factors. The aim of encephalocele surgery is to transfer the herniated functional structures to the calvarial component. The follow-up of these patients must be done with a multidisciplinary approach (the cooperation of many departments and especially neurosurgery, pediatrics, pediatric neurology, neonatalogy. and genetics). Anahtar Kelimeler : Encephalocele, Hydrocephalus, Therapy