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¹Acıbadem MAA Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Beyin ve Sinir Cerrahisi Anabilim Dalı, Pediatrik Nöroşirürji Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye Epilepsy is a chronic disease characterized by recurrent seizures. It is more prevalent in the pediatric population. Uncontrolled epileptic attacks may cause progressive neural damage and neuronal loss that will end up with mental motor retardation. For this reason, epilepsy should be treated efficiently. Lesions such as developmental cortical malformations, tumors, vascular malformations, etc., may trigger epileptic seizures. However, there may be no known cause of epilepsy in some patients. This situation will be named idiopathic epilepsy. The first line treatment option in patients with epilepsy is oral antiepileptic medications. However, they will be effective in two-thirds of the patients and will have no effect in the remaining one-third. These patients with drug-resistant epilepsy should be evaluated for possible epilepsy surgery options. Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common subgroup in localization-related epilepsies. The surgical treatment options in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsies are lateral temporal lobectomy, anterior temporal lobectomy, and selective amygdalohippocampectomy. This section will focus on causes of temporal lobe epilepsy and surgical options in drug-resistant patients. Anahtar Kelimeler : Resistant epilepsy, Pediatric, Temporal lobe, Surgery