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¹Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Beyin ve Sinir Cerrahisi Anabilim Dalı, Kayseri, Türkiye Childhood head trauma is still one of the most important public health problems in the world and one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in this age group. The head of children is proportionally larger and heavier than adults, the occiput and forehead are more prominent, and the facial bones are proportionally smaller. The pediatric skull is more flexible than the adult so it can absorb more force without fracture, but this increases the shear force between the skull, dura, subdural vessels, and the brain. Children also have a weaker neck compared to adults, which allows more movement of the head as a result of the forces coming to the trunk. The excess head/body ratio compared to adults, the inability to protect the intracranial structures due to the thinness of the skull bones, the mechanism of injury, and the long-term prognosis are the most important differences. Anahtar Kelimeler : Cranium, Pediatrics, Trauma