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¹Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Beyin ve Sinir Cerrahisi Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye Pilocytic astrocytoma is the most common central nervous system tumor in children. These tumors are frequently seen in children and rarely in adults and are mostly seen in the posterior fossa, chiasm and hypothalamus but can also be seen in other parts of the central nervous system. The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway plays an important role in tumor formation. The primary goal of treatment is gross total resection. Pilomyxoid astrocytoma has been described in the 2007 World Health Organization classification as a variant of pilocytic astrocytoma. It is known as a more aggressive tumor than pilocytic astrocytoma and progression-free survival is shorter. The primary goal in pilomyxoid astrocytoma is again gross total resection. In the case of recurrence of either type, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are considered the other treatment options. Anahtar Kelimeler : Pilocytic astrocytoma, Pilomyxoid astrocytoma, Grade I, Central nervous system