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¹Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura Şehir Hastanesi, Nöroloji Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye Diffusion Weighted Imaging is a magnetic resonance imaging method that examines the diffusion of water in the brain. It provides information about white matter by utilizing diffusion constants and anisotropy in the brain. Tractography, on the other hand, is a noninvasive method that enables the reconstruction of white matter pathways using various techniques. The first and most commonly used technique for tractography is Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Diffusion tensor imaging evaluates diffusion direction and the degree of anisotropy. By measuring the spreading motion of water molecules, it assesses microstructural changes in the brain. However, due to its limitation of representing only a single fiber orientation per voxel and its disadvantages, numerous new models have been introduced. In this review, the most frequently used method, diffusion tensor imaging, and the application of tractography in neurosurgery are summarized. Anahtar Kelimeler : Diffusion-weighted imaging, Diffusion tensor imaging, Tractography