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¹Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Nöroşirürji Anabilim Dalı, Manisa, Türkiye Ependymomas represent the third most common childhood central nervous system neoplasm. They are typically midline tumors originating from the ependymal cells of the cerebral ventricles and more commonly occur in the posterior fossa. Literature has been reviewed using PubMed between 2008 to 2015 with the following key words. Ependymoma, new treatment, modalities, strategies. Complete surgical resection followed by radyotherapy remains the best therapeutic option in ependymoma cases. The techniques for intraoperative monitoring and mapping have been used recently. They are valuable tools to be employed when resecting ependymomas and can result in a significant lessening in operative morbidity. Various forms of radiation therapy have been used for teratment of the ependymomas recently, including stereotactic radiosurgery methods. It offers the theoretical advantages of delivering a high dose of radiation to a small target, providing a maximum dose to the tumor while avoiding surrounding critical brain structures and previously irradiated tissue. The role of chemotherapy for intracranial ependymoma is still uncertain. Based on the current literature, chemotherapeutic options for patients are limited. Further biological studies are needed to identify targets that may be considered for clinical trials. Anahtar Kelimeler : Posterior fossa, Ependymoma, Treatment