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¹Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Haseki Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Nöroşirürji Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye Surgical approaches to the thalamus are challenging because of its deep localization and close relation with neurovascular structures. Thalamic tumors, which comprise 5% of all brain tumors, are more frequent in children and their surgery requires experience and knowledge. The thalamus has been separated into regions and different surgical approaches have been illustrated and their benefits discussed for each region. Modifications of these approaches have been suggested for various lesion localizations and their limitations have also been defined. Though current advances in microsurgery and the use of facilitating tools such as neuronavigation have led to a lower surgical complication rate, anatomic knowledge of the region is still crucial. Anahtar Kelimeler : Thalamus, Microsurgical, Anatomy, Approach