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¹Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Nöroşirürji Anabilim Dalı, Emekli Öğretim Üyesi, İzmir, Türkiye
²Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Nöroşirürji Anabilim Dalı, Öğretim Üyesi, Ankara, Türkiye A child is not a tiny model of an adult. Children significantly differ from adults in anatomical, physiological, pathological, and psychological aspects. Pediatric neurosurgery practice similarly differs from general neurosurgery practice. There are several aspects that make the pediatric neurosurgery concept quite different from the concepts in adult neurosurgery. Pediatric neurosurgery has been defined as "the theory and the art of treatment for surgical nervous system disorders in children". In the regulations of Turkish Pediatric Neurosurgery Group, the term "pediatric neurosurgeon" has been defined as the person who absolutely or mostly devotes his or her neurosurgical practice for the treatment of neurosurgical disorders in children. In this paper, the main differences between pediatric neurosurgery and adult neurosurgery are underlined. The authors have also discussed the concept of pediatric neurosurgery, and detailed information has been given about the development of pediatric neurosurgery throughout the world and in Turkey. Anahtar Kelimeler : Concept, History, Pediatric neurosurgery