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¹Başkent Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye
^2,3,5,6Başkent Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Nöroşirürji Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye
⁴Başkent Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Anestezyoloji ve Reanimasyon Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye Piriformis syndrome is a neuropathy, characterized with the symptom of the sciatic nerve due compression/irritation of the piriformis muscle. The cause of the irritation can be the variations of the relationship of piriformis mucle and the sciatic nerve, or secondary reasons like micro- or macrotraumas to the piriformis musle. It has variable etiologies and the patho- physiology could not be fully understood. The major etiology was known to be the spasm, edema and inflamation of the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve compression of the mucle in further time period. With the comprehensive clinical examination patients can be diagnosed immediately and early diagnosis makes the treatment much easier. In this review, etiological anatomic variations, pathophysiology, diagnosis criteria, clinic and the treatment options of the piriformis syndrome were discussed with the actual literature. Anahtar Kelimeler : Anatomy, Pathophysiology, Piriformis syndrome, Sciatic nerve, Treatment, Neouropathy